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The complete body of Myanmar classical songs is usually referred to as. the "Maha Gita." meaning great or royal song. The repertoire is also sometimes referred to as "Thachin Gyi." or great songs. These were the songs of the royal Myanmar courts and form the basis of Myanmar classical music. The Maha Gita repertoire is pervasive in the performance of Myanmar music.
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Pongyi Thaing or Bando Monk System is based on ancient Hindu and Buddhist principles of non-violence. It's a disciplined way of life. It is not a religion. a doctrine or a dogma. It is an integrated system of developing the body. mind and spirit to achieve harmony with oneself. with others. with nature.
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The art of tapestry or "Shwe Chi Hto" as we call it. is said to have originated in Myanmar about a thousand years ago. It is a form of needlework to create a variety of pictures and patterns so delicate and detailed that it requires skill. artistry and patience. It is a highly decorative embroidery that employs gold thread as its name indicates. but in fact silver and colored threads as well as other materials such as tinsel. sequins. semi-precious gems. colorful cut glass. seed pearls and beads go into the making.Tapestry
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Naban (Burmese wrestling)
Bando yoga
Yoga system practiced by ancient warriors of northern Myanmar was to maintain health and protect from illness and disease.
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Methods used by gem cutters have hardly changed in hundreds of years. but in Myanmar. the development of the gem industry means there are now more companies exporting expertly cut gems out of the country. The lapidary (someone who is skilled in cutting and polishing jewel and valuable stones)
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Naban is a term for the various grappling martial arts of Myanmar. Techniques include joint locks. strikes to pressure points. and choke holds. Any part of the opponent's body is a legal target. Naban is a cousin of similar wrestling arts found in places like Cambodia and Tibet.
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Myanmar mosaic art was off to a good start by the time of the Bagan period. as scholars and researchers. now testify. Historians also agree. This noble art is seen mainly on royal and religious items and buildings. But sometimes mosaic is also used in artifacts and household objects of the common lay people to achieve a new sense of beauty and splendor. In this art there are four main disciplines on which the workmanship is based.
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Myanmar Traditional Boxing is a form of kickboxing which originated in Myanmar. Lethwei is in many ways similar to its siblings from neighboring South-East Asian countries such as Tomoi from Malaysia. Pradal Serey from Cambodia and Muay Thai from Thailand. If Thai Boxing is the science of 8 limbs. then Lethwei can be called the science of 9 limbs. due to the allowance of head butts. In comparison. Lethwei can be interpreted as being bolder and more extreme.
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Pottery has been the earliest craft in the history of human civilization. People in the terrain area had began to make use of pots. which could be easily and cheaply produced. Although pots are fragile. these can be made use in many useful ways. Pots were not only used to store or cook food but also as burial urns to bury gold and jewelleries.
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Banshay is a term for martial arts of Myanmar. focusing on weapon use. The sword. staff and spear are the major weapons. With the sword. the goal is to disarm the opponent. Sword fights are even conducted with the sword still sheathed. since only under extreme conditions will a Myanmar swordsman unsheathes his or her sword.
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Panyun means a handicraft which produces materials made of bamboo. wood and thick black varnish (sis-se). Lacquerware artisans produce alms food bowl. bowl for monk. and bowl of pickle tea. lacquer vessel. drinking cup. betel box. and cheroot box. Myanmar traditional lacquerware emerged in the early part of Bagan period.
Myanmar traditional lacquer ware drawing styles derived from many stories of Buddha’s life. Burmese lacquerware is one such product, whose art goes back to the 11th century. On a framework of woven, finely cut strips of bamboo, mixtures of thit-see resin with clay and ash are carefully built-up and finally polished with the ash of fossil wood. The designs are then etched or painted by hand. The most traditional Burmese lacquerware is of a unique terracotta colour, with scenes from the Jatakas, the Buddha’s former existence, etched and then filled in with green pigment. More modern designs are in deep, velvet black, with simpler figures laid on in genuine gold leaf. Many types of Burmese lacquerware articles are invaluable, such as boxes, vases, trays, bowls and even coffee tables. Bagan, site of the architectural wonders of the East, is the home of this craft.
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Bando or animal system is the ancient art of self-defense from Myanmar. The earliest meanings of Bando were "self-discipline. self-development. and self-improvement". Later. it came to mean. "Self-protection. or self-defense".
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Panpoot is an enterprise to make wooden utensils turning on turners lathe. Such as making shaft of umbrella, table legs, and legs of bed and turnery posts for Pavilions and railings. Myanmar’s traditional crafts of a turner emerged in the Bagan period in the 8th century A.D. The craft of a turner is an art which is made by rubbing the woods on the turner’s lathe. Craft of a turner artists based on the traditional styles of Bagan,
Inwa and Yatanapon period. Besides that, Myanmar’s craft of a turner artists is very interesting. Diversity in the shape of the craft of a turner, food containers, boxes, bowls, taunglon tables, chairs etc. all makes them attractive. The Myanmar’s traditional arts and crafts owed a great deal of influence of Mon, the people of Suvanna Bhumi-artists and artisans the Southern India’s culture in the early Bagan period.
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Bark Painting has been a new generation of wood designing. The manufacturers of Bark Paintings usually use the bark from large trees and old trees. The barks of the tree are taken off and dried in the sun. After drying. the bark paintings are done in Myanmar Traditional way.
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Panchi is the one which illustrates living animals and inanimate objects using different colours. The artists paint the figures of human beings, animals, objects, scenery designs and cartoons. Myanmar traditional painting developed with the religion of Buddhism in the Bagan Region. Thus, Bagan become a repository of ancient Myanmar traditional paintings and sculptures in the 11th century A.D. Because of Myanmar artist’s achievements, we have more
paintings of Konbaung period than those of Inwa, they are more colourful and lively. During Yadanapon of Mandalay period more painting was done in folding books called Purapaik and on canvas than on the wall. The wall paintings at Mahamuni Pagoda in Mandalay were executed in later Yadanapon period. Most of these paintings have been copied and collected by the Archaeological Department, Myanmar.
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Myanmar proudly wear hand-woven silk materials at auspicious occasions. Myanmar turban. Myanmar jacket and silk longyi are worn by Myanmar men while intricate acheik designs woven with over 100 silk threads such as plain silk blouses and silk shawls are proudly worn by Myanmar ladies. Although the colours and patterns of silk-woven materials have changed since the time of Myanmar kings. they are still proudly worn by Myanmars.
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Pantamault is the one stones curving. The artisans make Buddha images pole for Sima. pillar. leograph. elephants. deer. circular flat stone. pestle and mortar and table. Sculpture in stone is a significant feature of Myanmar fine arts. has to this day been the pride and honour of Myanmar people. There are sculpture studios or workshops in Yangon. Mandalay and other towns in the country. but the majority of studios are concentrated in Mandalay.
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There is a saying “art improves with age”. Art is drawn on paper, canvas and on walls. Painting drawn on walls in caves are called “Wall Paintings”.
Stone Age painting from 10,000 years ago were first found in “Pyadalin” cave in Myanmar. Some wall paintings are found in “Lawka Hmankin” cave at Saging hill in Central Myanmar. This cave was built in the Innwa period of the Nyaung Yan Dynasty between 13 and 16 centuries.
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Panyan is an enterprise which constructs the buildings using bricks, stones and cement. The masons build brick houses, Pagoda, bridges. Myanmar’s traditional masonry works enjoys world wide renown for the ancient Pagodas and other religious buildings around the Bagan region.
The Myanmar’s traditional masonry of Bagan period is the highest developed of all the historical periods. Their works are remarkable for their strength, grandeur beauty of form, immensity of volume, detailed and appropriate decorations and the power to hold the spectators in awe. The masonry of mid Amarapura period is beautiful and lively but to be placed only in the second order, behind Bagan. The Myanmar’s traditional masonry have derived from the Mon’s culture of Suvanna Bhumi and in the Southern Indian’s culture flun the 11th century A.D. In Fact - Masonry in Myanmar emerged since the Pyu period in the 1st century A.D.
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In Myanmar. gold-leaves are widely sold at the famous pagodas to gild the Buddha image or stupa with gold-leaf. This is the Myanmar tradition for meritorious deeds. These gold-leaves are originally make in Mandalay. Mandalay's gold-leaf makers are concentrated in the south-east of the city. near the intersection of 36th and 78th Sts.
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Pantaut means a handicraft of making decorative floral designs in relief with stucco. The artisans make the figures of lions. dragons and floral designs with stucco. Myanmar traditional stucco carving emerged before the Bagan period and it improved in the Bagan. Inwa. Amarapura and Yadanapon period. According to the historical records. Stucco works were very famous in Bagan period. Stucco works of Bagan period have detailed decorations.